Case studies
The purpose of a case study is to attempt to answer the question "what is going on in this particular case or situation", or, "why is this situation happening". A case study is the study of a single situation at one point in time, or through a period of time for which the observations were recorded.
This single situation can involve a person, a group, an organisation, a city, or even an entire nation. One important point is that it is not necessarily representative of all situations, hence conclusions from a single or multiple case studies cannot be made about the total population represented by the case study.